On 26th February 2016 the Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitely presented the Economic Survey of India 2015-16 in the Parliament.
The Survey reviews the developments in the Indian economy over the previous 12 months, summarises the performance on major development programmes and highlights the policy initiatives of the government and the prospects of the economy in the short to medium term.
Expenditure on Social Infrastructure
• Expenditure on education as a proportion of GDP has hovered around 3% during the period 2008-09 to 2014-15.
• Similarly, there has not been any significant change in the expenditure on health as a proportion of GDP, which has remained stagnant at less than 2% during the same period.
Education
• Though India has made considerable progress in education over the years, there still persist inequalities in access and achievements across regions & populations.
• There has been perceptible improvement in the education of girls, with the Gender Parity Index becoming favourable at all levels of school education, except for SC students in higher education & ST students at all levels of education, for which special efforts have to be made.
Employment Scenario
• As per the 4th Annual Employment-Unemployment Survey conducted by the Labour Bureau during the period January 2014 to July 2014, the Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) (usual principal status) is 52.5 for all persons.
• The LFPR of women is significantly lower than that of males in both rural & urban areas.
• A notable aspect of the employment situation in India is the large share of informal employment & growth in informal employment in the organized sector.
• The share of informal employment in total employment has remained above 90 % throughout the period 2004-05 to 2011-12.
Health & Sanitation
• According to the World Bank’s Universal Health Coverage Index 2015, India’s level of immunization is very low.
• With the aim of covering all those children who are either unvaccinated, or are partially vaccinated, against 7 vaccine preventable diseases by 2020, Mission Indradhanush was launched in December 2014 and has covered 352 districts of the country so far.
• Swachh Bharat Mission:
More than 122 lakh toilets have already been constructed in rural areas since the beginning of the Swachh Bharat Mission.
Economic Survey 2015-16: Sectoral Overview - IV
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